Toward a Discourse Theory for Annotating Causal Relations in Japanese

We present a revised discourse theory based on segmented discourse represen-tation theory and provide a method for building a Japanese corpus suitable for causal relation extraction. This extends and refines the framework proposed in Kaneko and Bekki (2014), and we evalu-ate our corpus and compare it with that work.

In-Contextual Bias Suppression for Large Language Models

Despite their impressive performance in a wide range of NLP tasks, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been reported to encode worrying-levels of gender bias. Prior work has proposed debiasing methods that require human labelled examples, data augmentation and fine-tuning of the LLMs, which are computationally costly. Moreover, one might not even have access to the internal parameters for performing debiasing such as in the case of commercially available LLMs such as GPT-4. To address this challenge we propose bias suppression, a novel alternative to debiasing that does not require access to model parameters. We show that text-based preambles, generated from manually designed templates covering counterfactual statements, can accurately suppress gender biases in LLMs. Moreover, we find that descriptive sentences for occupations can further suppress gender biases. Interestingly, we find that bias suppression has a minimal adverse effect on downstream task performance, while effectively mitigating the gender biases.Comment: 13 page

ADJUSTMENT MOVEMENT TO BASEBALLS TOSSED AT DIFFERENT VELOCITIES IN BASEBALL BATTING. －FOCUS ON A SHIFT IN THE CENTRE OF GRAVITY－

The purpose of this study was to compare shifts in the centre of gravity (CG) when balls were tossed at different velocities, in order to obtain data for coaching purposes. The subjects were 10 experienced university baseball players. The subject batted basic toss up ball toward the centre field, both fastballs and slowballs. Data were collected using 2 high-speed cameras (NAC Inc., Japan). The movement timing and velocity of the center of gravity were computed. Batting motion was divided into three phases. The mean times in the 1st phase and 3rd phase were approximately the same for both fast and slow balls, but both the time and distance by which the CG moved in the 2nd phase were significantly greater for slow balls than for fast balls

The Effect of the Consumption Tax on Economic Growth and Welfare with Money and Endogenous Fertility

In this study, we examine the effect of consumption tax on the growth rate and welfare in a model with money and endogenous fertility. First, we show that an increase in consumption tax always reduces the economic growth rate but has an ambiguous effect on welfare. We show a numerical example based on Japanese data and demonstrate the likelihood that increasing the consumption tax decreases welfare. We also compare the effects of consumption tax financing and monetary financing on growth rate and welfare

INFLUENCE OF THE BALL SPEED ON THE DISPLACEMENT OF THE CENTER OF GRAVITY DURING BASEBALL BATTING MOTION

The purpose of this study was to investigate the modification in batting motion with different pitching speeds focusing on differences in batting technical level. The subjects were 10 experienced university baseball player. The subjects batted toward the center field, both fastballs and slowballs, aimed near the center of the strike zone from a pitching machine. Data were collected using a three dimensional automatic motion analysis system (Vicon MX). The displacement of the center of gravity(CG) were computed. Significant differences were seen due to difference in pitching speed in unskilled player. Conversely, in skilled player, no significant difference was found in the movement of CG due to the difference in pitching speed. It was revealed that it was not preferable for movement of the CG to fluctuate by difference in pitching speeds

Significant Bauschinger effect and back stress strengthening in an ultrafine grained pure aluminum fabricated by severe plastic deformation process

Bauschinger test in uniaxial tension-compression mode was carried out for the first time on the pure Al specimens having homogeneous ultra-fine grained (UFG) microstructures fabricated by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and subsequent annealing processes. Significant Bauschinger stress (transient softening), Bauschinger energy parameter and their strong dependences on the tensile plastic pre-strain at the very early stage of the tensile deformation were measured in the UFG specimens, in sharp contrast to their coarse-grained (CG) counterpart. The grain size dependence of the Bauschinger effect in pure Al was qualitatively discussed in terms of the back stress arising from the formation of dislocation pile-up against the grain boundary during plastic deformation

MEG実験によるμ+→e+ γ探索の最終結果

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学教授 齊藤 直人, 東京大学准教授 濱口 幸一, 東京大学准教授 森山 茂栄, 東京大学准教授 川本 辰男, 東京大学准教授 田中 純一University of Tokyo(東京大学